11:58 AM
LANGUAGE TESTING 1
COLLECTING
SAMPLES OF GRAMMAR, PRONUNCIATION, AND CLOSE TEST
Compiled By 3rd Group
NURUL ATMA (A1D2 09 010)
SAFRIANA ASRAWI (A1D2 09 014)
SALMATIAN SAFIUDDIN (A1D2 09 056)
Faculty of Teacher Training and Educational
Haluoleo University
Kendari
2012
The purpose of this project is to collect
samples of tests including grammar test, pronunciation test, and close test. Those
tests are gotten from various books used in SMP and SMA. There are three
collectors, namely:
§
Nurul Atma who collects grammar test.
§ Salmatian
Safiuddin who collects pronunciation test.
§
Safriana Asrawi who collects close test.
GRAMMAR TEST
Grammar is one of component of language. The
target of grammar test is on understanding of word, phrase, and sentence
formation. Grammar test can be in form of essay test, multiple choice test,
complete test, short answer test, etc. Grammar test is divided into 3; they are
word formation, phrase formation, and sentence formation. The example of each
kind of grammar test can be seen below:
1. Word
formation
a. Menunjukan
asal kata
Eq.
Write down the infinitive form of the words below:
Management
Symbolize
(Functional
English for Senior High Schools by Tiga Serangkai p. 116)
Analysis:
In this test, the students are asked to determine the infinitive
form of certain words. The test is suitable for SMP level because it is related
with suffix. In elementary school level, it just emphasizes on words
recognizing. So, we think that SMP is the suitable level to be given this kind
of test.
b. Membentuk
kata turunan
Eq.
Combine
words on the left with the correct suffix on the right
|
|
This test is made by our own group because we can’t find the
example of this test.
Analysis of test:
This test is suitable for SMP. This test is the opposite of
previous test. In this test, students are asked to determine the suffix of
certain words.
c. Menyesuaikan
bentuk kata
Eq.
§ Change the
words in the brackets into the correct form.
Eric
(dance) very well (English in Focus for grade VII by BSE p. 158)
Analysis:
This test is related with tenses in which students are asked to
change the word in the bracket to the correct form. It is suitable for SMP and
SMA level because this kind of test related with tenses. Concerning that tense
is studied in SMP level. So, we think that this test can be applied in SMP and
SMA. The main point is when students have understood tenses; they can be given
this kind of grammar test.
§ Use the
correct form of the verb in the bracket!
We
enjoyed (read) stories about famous people
(Functional
English for Senior High Schools by Tiga Serangkai p. 22)
Analysis:
This test is intended for changing the verb in the bracket become
gerund or participle. It is suitable for SMA because this test is related with gerund
and participle. Concerning that gerund and participle are taught for SMA
students. So, we think that this kind of grammar test is suitable for SMA
students because they already have basic in term of gerund and participle.
2. Phrase
formation
Actually,
there are four kinds of grammar test in terms of phrase formation, they are:
arrange word, complete word to form phrase, explain the meaning of phrase.
However, in this kind of test, we just get 2 examples of grammar test in terms
of phrase formation.
a. Menyusun
kata-kata
Arrange
the word below to form a phrase!
§ A pair of
(leather – expensive – black) shoes
(Fokus
(The Future Starts Here) Acuan Pengayaan Bahasa Inggris by PT Nyata Grafika
Media. P. 14)
Analysis:
It is suitable for SMP level. In this test, students are asked to arrange
words in the bracket to form phrase. They are given some jumble words and they
have to arrange it to form a phrase.
b. Melengkapi
kata menjadi frasa
Eq.
Complete the word below to form a phrase
§ … care
§ ... married
Analysis:
This kind of grammar test is suitable to be given for SMP level. In
this test, students are asked to fill blank to form phrase. So, they are given incomplete
phrase. And they have to complete it.
3. Sentence
formation
a. Mengenali
kalimat
Eq.
State whether the sentences has the SVO or SVC pattern
§ Ben bought a
new story book
§ Aunt Lucy is
an engineer
(Functional
English for Senior High Schools by Tiga Serangkai p. 8)
Analysis:
This kind of grammar test is intended to recognize sentences for
students. We know that sentences can be formed through S + V + O, S + V +
Complement, etc. In this test, should be able to differentiate sentence that is
formed through S + V + O and S + V + Complement. It is suitable for SMP because
of students in SMP have been taught how to construct sentence. So,
automatically they will be introduced with the pattern of sentence itself.
b. Membuat
kalimat
Eq.
Make sentences using the words in the table.
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
|
Eliza
|
A secretary
|
In an office
|
(English
in Focus for grade VII by BSE p. 120)
Analysis:
In this test, students are given three words. Their duty is to write
sentences by using those three words. They should be able to connect one word
to the others to form sentences. It is suitable for SMP because in SMP students
are expected can construct sentences. It is as the basic to go to the next
level.
c. Menyusun
kalimat
Eq.
buying – did not – clothes – money – much – we
– spend – for.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The best
arrangement of the word to make a good sentence is …
a. 6 – 2 – 7 –
5 – 4 – 8 – 1 – 3
b. 3 – 2 – 1 –
6 – 7 – 5 – 4 – 8
c. 6 – 2 – 7 –
5 – 3 – 1 – 4 – 8
d. 3 – 2 – 5 –
1 – 6 – 7 – 4 – 8
(Persiapan
Menghadapi Ujian Nasional SMP 2007 by Pustaka Setia: Bandung p. 161)
Analysis:
This kind of
grammar test is in form of multiple choices. But, it also can be essay. In this
test, students have to arrange the jumble sentence to form a good sentence. Each
word has number. So, they have to arrange it based on its number. It is
suitable for SMP because generally students in SMP have been introduced to term
sentence. Sometimes this kind of grammar test also can be found in SMA level.
However, in SMA it will be more complex. It is not only how to arrange jumble
sentence but also how to arrange jumble paragraph. In addition because they
have learnt tense, so they have basic to arrange jumble sentence.
d. Mengubah
kalimat
Eq.
Change the active sentences below into the passive sentences!
§ He bought
the books last week
§ My sister
had cleaned the windows
(LKS
WAJAR class VIII, p. 51)
Analysis:
This test is about changing the active voice to the passive one. It
is suitable for SMP and SMA because material about passive and active voice is gotten
in SMP and it is deepened in SMA. So, we think that both of these levels are
suitable to be given this kind of grammar test. In addition students in SMP
have been taught simple tenses. So, they have basic to change active form to be
the passive one.
PRONUNCIATION
TEST
Test the sounds of language is part of the organization of teaching.
These tests target the sounds of language, covering the whole system of sounds
of language acquisition in the form of knowing and understanding the passive sound-resepsif
or in the form and pronounce the sounds of language use in active-productive. However,
it also includes a high-low sound pressure , intonation and others. The test aims
to obtain information about the pronunciation of the sounds of language acquisition
that are active-productive and for the purpose of understanding and recognition
of the sounds of language.
Bunyi
Bahasa
Ø Mengenal
Bunyi Bahasa
Study
the intonation below
When
we want to say something with a neutral sense, we commonly use the falling
intonation
I think it’s good
I’m afraid it’s bad
Is it ?
But , when we want to
make our sentences more polite or softer, we can use the rising intonation.
I think it’s
good
 |
I’m afraid it’s
bad
Is it ?
Now, practice the sentence above,
first using the falling intonation and then, the rising intonation.
Source: Functional English For
Senior High School 2A Grade XI SMA and MA. Pages 38.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMP and SMA because in SMP students need
knowledge about study the intonation.
The
analysis of the test:
In
this test, student studies about the intonation when they want to say something
with a neutral sense or it could be more polite. The test is really important,
because it is the basic of study about how to pronounce something in English
form. By knowing this form is help the students to learn English in the other
form which is more complex. So, the
teacher should know well about the pronunciation of each word.
Ø Membedakan
bunyi bahasa
Study
the words below from the cassette or audio:
Write
the letter “S’ if the words is same and write the letter “D’ if the words is
different.
List
of the word:
1. Can-
can
2. Life-live
3. Tear-dear
4. Then-than
5. Kiss-
kiss
6. Chair-chair
7. Letter-
later
8. Love-
laugh
9. Bring-
bring
10. Back-
bag
Sources
: This test are made by our own group, we put some words randomly in
dictionary.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMP and SMA.
The
analysis of the test:
We
saw that it’s really necessary in those levels to know distinguish between each
sounds of language. By mastery the pronunciation of each word, it help the
speaker to pronounce something fluently and accurately while for the listener
they will get the point clearly about what the speaker talk about.
Ø Melafalkan
bunyi bahasa
Pronounce
the dipthongs correctly.
/eI/ /aI/ /ϽI/
Traced Nile River soil
Grains rice soya bean
Raised live stock
Cultivated fertilized
Sugarcane organized
Oranges highly
/aƱ/ /Ɛa/ /aƱa/
Now where flower
Cows’ pears power
Ploughs aircrafts flour
Harrow
Around
Amounts
Source:
Functional English For Senior High School 2A Grade XI SMA and MA. Pages 86.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMA/MA.
The
analysis of the test:
We
decided the test necessary only in SMA level because the main focus of this
test is how to pronounce the dipthongs. We can’t apply this one at elementary
and junior high school because they are too young to learn about such
dipthongs. The main focuses for them are about the basic of English. So, that’s
why it is only appropriate for the student in SMA level. The diphthongs help
the students to pronounce the difficult word by seeing the sign.
Ø Melafalkan
kata- kata atau kalimat
Study
the pronunciation the words below
The sound [Z] is a difficult sound
for most of us to pronounce. Practice pronouncing these words below.
Measure [ meӡә ]
Pleasure [ pleӡә ]
Leisure [ leiӡә ]
Seizure [ si: ӡә ]
Source:
Functional English For Senior High School 2A Grade XI SMA and MA. Pages 52.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMA level.
The
analysis of the test:
It
is same case with the text above about the dipthongs. Here, the students learn
how to pronounce the difficult word. In conducting this test, the teacher can
use dictionary which provide the way how to pronounce the words and they also
can use an electronic facilities such as “alfaling” or electronic of dictionary
which provide such pronunciation.
Read
the sentences with the correct intonation pattern.
1. Let’s
go for a walk, shall we?
2. It’s
an expensive book, isn’t it? (Do you agree?)
3. They
won’t tell anyone about it, will they? (Don’t you think so?)
4. Help
me with this desk, will you?
5. Last
night show was interesting, wasn’t it? (What do you think?)
Source:
Functional English For Senior High School 2A Grade XI SMA and MA. Pages 30.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMA level
The
analysis of the tests
Actually
this test we can find in SMP level however the main focus not in correct
intonation pattern. So, the test only appropriate in SMA level which the
students have already background knowledge about sound of language. In this
test, the students not only learn how to pronounce the words but also how to
pronounce the sentences.
Ø Melafalkan
pasangan kata
Study
the pronunciation of each word below:
1. Letter-
later
2. Scent-
cent
3. Now-
know
4. Paper-piper
5. Through-
though
6. Leisure-measure
7. Would-wood
8. Think-thing
9. Ink-
sink
10. Bye-
buy
Source:
the test are made by our own group, we put some words randomly in dictionary.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMP and SMA levels.
The
analysis of the test:
It’s
really necessary in those levels, because the students learn how to distinguish
between each word that the word almost the same. Such test, not only help the speaker but also
the students. The speaker knows well how to pronounce something and the
listener can get the point clearly. This test helps them to avoid misunderstanding.
Ø Melafalkan
rangkaian kalimat
Read
the sentences carefully and clearly
1. In
the sky, in the ski, in the sky and no smoking
2. Guess
she gave you things, I didn’t give to you
Sources
: This test are made by our own group, we put some words randomly in
dictionary.
The
tests are suitable applied in SMA level
The
analysis of the tests
Actually
this test we can find in SMP level however the main focus not in correct
intonation pattern. So, the test only appropriate in SMA level which the
students have already background knowledge about sound of language. In this
test, the students not only learn how to pronounce the words but also how to
pronounce the sentences.
CLOZE
TEST
Cloze test is an exercise, test, or assessment consisting of a portion
of text with certain words removed (cloze text), where the participant is asked
to replace the missing words. Cloze tests require the ability to understand
context and vocabulary in order to identify the correct words or type of words
that belong in the deleted passages of a text. This exercise is commonly
administered for the assessment of native and second language learning and
instruction. Test this more integrated
because students must process the language components
on an ongoing basis. This test has also been proven
as a good indicator for overall language
proficiency test. Teachers
should be careful with the possibility that more than one answer. Students also
need more practice to face this type of
test. The good of Cloze Test in language
teaching, among others, is that the
technique provides skills training figured in the discourse context. According
to Jacobs (1988) the psychologists also
believe that the key
to success in reading is the
ability to guess the
meaning (meaning) in the context
of reading. This improves the ability of suspect content
reading comprehension and reading speed."This
increased ability may lead to 'greater comprehension and also to faster reading
speed" (Jacobs, 1988:46). Cloze test usually used in junior high schools, senior
high school and also at the test
SNMPTN which is
held at the university, because
Cloze tests can be used
effectively to test grammar,
vocabulary, and reading skills intensive students.
Example of cloze test
1. Complete the text below with the correct words provided in
the box!
Part of a Tree
There are… (1) Main parts of a tree,
They are crown,…(2), and root. The crown is at the … (3) of the tree. It
consists of leaves, branches, and twigs. The crown filters dust and other
particles from the…(4). The leaves are the food factories of a tree. They
contain chlorophyll. The …(5) helps the photosynthesis and gives green color to
the leaves.
The trunk, or…(6), of a tree supports
the crown and gives the tree its shape and strength. The trunk consists of
some…(7). The layers carry water and minerals up from the roots to the leaves,
and they carry sugar down from the…(8)to the branches, trunk, and roots.
A tree’s roots absorb water and
nutrients from the…(9), store sugar and hold the tree upright in the ground.
Roots also have a lot of branches. Some roots can go down more than
four…(10).
|
a.Meters
|
c.Chlorophyll
|
e.Air
|
g.Soil
|
h.Stem
|
|
b.Top
|
d.Leaves
|
f.Three
|
f.Trunk
|
i.Layers
|
2.
Complete
the following text with the words provided in the box!
Keukenh
of Flower Park
Keukenhof flower Park is also 1)…as the
Garden of Europe. It is situated near Lisse. Netherlands. It is the world’s
2)…flower garden. Keukenhof is more than 150 years old. Its first grounds were
founded around 1840.
Everyone who 3)…flowers knows keukenhof
Flower Park. There are so many konds of 4)…flowers. There are approximately
54,520 acres of parkland 5)…with tulips and other bulbs. Keukenhof is open from
the last week of March to mid-May. The 6)…to view the tulips is around
mid-April. However, it depends on the 7)….In seven weeks Keukenhof has about
800,000visitors.
|
a.Weather
|
c.Known
|
e.beautiful
|
g.Loves
|
|
b.Best
time
|
d.largest
|
f.Planted
|
|
Source : LKS Wajar (SMPN 5 Kendari) kelas
VIII, CV.Graha Pustaka, Jakarta selatan